Community Nutrition Project For Collier County - 937 Words

This paper will explore a food related issue in Collier County and depict a summary of a local program that gives nutrition support. This program will show how it enhances the health among Collier’s County’s low-income elderly, that are residents aged 60 and over. This paper will introduce a community nutrition program idea that will include a clear goal, detail specific aims, draw an action plan and have an evaluation plan that will collect data to confirm the program is working. Community Nutrition Project for Collier County According to (Services and Activities, n.d.) Collier Country was the only county in Florida without any senior resource center while this area had one of the highest populations of those over 65. Census data†¦show more content†¦The program will be called â€Å"The Edible Garden.† It shall support the goals of proper nutrition and give a learning experience and show the benefits of growing fresh fruits and vegetables in one’s garden for low-income seniors that are aged 60 and over. The project will be hands-on fun, active and change the attitude about fruits and vegetables. The program will be for approximately ten weeks. The participants (with a limit of ten persons) will meet once per week for ninety minutes. Each participant should have basic computer knowledge. The program will take place at the Naples Senior Center found at 5025 Castello Dr. Naples Florida. This center is a program of the Jewish Family and Community Services of Southwest Florida. The Cente r is a non-sectarian social service agency. Generous donors, online donations, volunteers, and major fundraising events fund all programs. (â€Å"About JFCS of Southwest Florida,† 2017) The curriculum will be as follows: Each senior would have their tray with ten small containers to plant seedlings. After the ten-week program, the participant will be able to take the container home to re-plant. There will be ten inquiry-based lessons that engage the seniors in growing, harvesting, tasting, and learning about fruits and vegetables. Each lesson will be viewed on the computer at the center and handouts will be available to take home. Here isShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagessubsidiary focus ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 601 A GUIDE TO THE MAIN FOCUS OF CASES IN THE BOOK 601 PAGE NUMBER IN THE BOOK CASE Ekomate – an Indian company uses networks and relationships to internationalise. Eden Project (B) – latest developments in a successful tourist attraction. Brown Bag Films – strategy development and strategic choice for a small business in an international market ACME – innovation and entrepreneurship in the Indian mobile phone industry. Wimm-Bill-DannRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAcquisitions Editor: Kim Norbuta Editorial Project Manager: Claudia Fernandes Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Marketing Assistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project Manager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual

Alcohol Abuse in College Free Essays

Alcohol abuse in the college students is an important public health concern especially in today’s media-oriented era. Nearly everyday we hear about new pharmaceuticals, drug clubs, HIV and aids, and the effects of alcohol abuse, and most of us have some personal experiences with these issue: through family, friends, or co workers (Ksir et al., 2006). We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Abuse in College or any similar topic only for you Order Now College life is a period of achieving independence, experimentation, and taking risks. A crucial type of experimentation associated with college students is the alcohol use and abuse. One of the many challenges that college students face is the decision about whether to use alcohol or not. A lot of normal students experiment with alcohol; however, many college students progress past experimentation and become alcohol abuser. Alcohol abuses do develop problems and that substantially affect the college students activities and their future adult lives. This paper provides a deeper understanding about the issue on alcohol abuse particularly in college students and to examine their collegiate drinking experiences in relation to family backgrounds. Review of Related Literature Most college students are exposed to substances such as alcohol and marijuana at some point in their young lives and subsequently make decisions about their use of them. One important source of information on the prevalence of adolescents alcohol use comes from the Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Findings, 2002 (MTF) study (Johnston et al, 2003). MTF is a longitudinal research project that has consistently collected data on the reported use of substances in national samples of adolescents since 1975, and the data from the MTF provide a reasonable picture of the level of substance use for adolescents across the United States. According to this study, the most frequently reported drugs used by adolescents in each grade were alcohol. The data on lifetime use provide an estimate of the number of adolescents who have experimented with a particular substance. Alcohol drinking was reported as being the most used substance across all adolescents in the sample. For example, more than 70% of college students reported having used alcohol in their lifetime, and almost 50% reported using alcohol in the past month. The above data clearly indicate that many college students report an experimental use (Johnston et al, 2003). An emerging body of research on children of alcoholics documents persistent negative consequences of parental alcohol abuse on drinking. A majority of existing of these studies are limited by their focus on families who seek treatment or who come to the attention of the health and legal systems, thus neglecting other children of alcoholics who may not have behavioral, emotional, or substance abuse problems (Russell et. al , 1985). The literature of children of alcoholics is further limited by the fact that there has been very little research on collegiate children of alcoholics, a group that has been academically successful despite any negative effects of family alcohol abuse. Yet there maybe tendency for children of alcoholics to begin problem drinking in late adolescence, the age at which most students begin college. Indeed, Pandina and Johnson’s (1989) longitudinal research on general population of New Jersey adolescents (ages 12-21) suggested that the negative effects of an alcoholic family on one’s own drinking may not emerge until late adolescence (18-21). This tendency might be intensified on entering the college environment, where academic pressures can be severe, where adolescents are struggling with the development of an adult identity, and where alcohol use is often a prominent feature of social occasions. Yet despite an extensive literature on alcohol use among college students in general, only few studies have attempted to examine the approximate size, drinking patterns, or alcohol-related problems of collegiate children of alcoholics. How to cite Alcohol Abuse in College, Papers

Business Intelligence Essential Methodologies and Tools

Question: Discuss about the Essay for Business Intelligence of Essential Methodologies and Tools. Answer: Introduction The purpose of making this report is to discuss about management information system. Management Information System that is commonly known as MIS, is highly used in business organizations for handling various business operations. This system has revolutionized the way data is being used for making decisions regarding business knowledge management. The purpose of making this report is to evaluate the impact of business intelligence and business analytics on improving business decision making and managing business knowledge. Management Information System is actually a computerized database which is used to store financial information in an organized way. This system is able to generate business reports that are used by business management for making decisions. Now we will discuss about some other essential concepts about management information system. (ComputerWeekly, 2016) Discussion How does decisions making works in business environment? Decision making is an essential process that is important for every business organizations. There are various critical business activities where appropriate decision making is required. There are different types of decision making that are used in business environments and here we will discuss that how decision making works in organizations. (SearchBusinessAnalytics, 2016) Decisions making process works by following some essential steps that are listed as below: Identification of Purpose for Making Decision Collection of Information Principles for Judging Alternatives Analysis about Different Choice Evaluation about Alternatives Selection of best Alternative Execution of Decision Evaluation of Results Identification of Purpose for Making Decision In process of decision making, identification of purpose for which we are going to make decision is necessary. In this process, whole problem is analyzed properly. Under this phase, some essential questions are considered such as what is the actual problem? why problem should be solved? Who will be affected with this problem? Is there any deadline for solving problem? Collection of Information There can be various stakeholders of organization. In addition there can be dozens of factors involved that can affect problem. To resolve these problems, it is necessary to gather information that is related to factors and stakeholders that are involved in problem. For this process, Check Sheets can be used effectively. Principles for Judging Alternatives In this step of process, criteria that is used for judging alternatives should be set up. While defining the criteria, goals of organizational and corporate culture should be taken into consideration. Analysis about Different Choice Here in this step of process, different alternatives to analyze the problem is considered. Before generating and implementing any new idea, it will be better to find out alternatives for resolving the problem. For this step, use of cause and effect diagrams and Pareto chart are essential tools. Through cause and effect diagrams it will be possible to identify all possible causes of the problem and priority of causes will be set. Evaluation about Alternatives Here by using judgment principles and decision making criteria, each alternative is evaluated properly. Effectiveness and experience of judgment principles come into existence. Positive and negative points of alternatives should be considered properly. Selection of Best Alternative Among all these alternatives, one best alternative is necessary to consider. For doing this, it is necessary to go through from step 1 to 5. Then you can make decision accordingly to select best alternative. Execution of Decision After making decisions, one should always consider consequences and all positive outcomes of alternatives. After this, plan should be executed. Evaluation of Results Proper evaluation of outcome of decision should be made. Here it should be identified that is there anything that you should learn and correct in future for making decisions. This is an effective process that should improve decision making skills. In this way, by implementing above discussed steps, effective decision making works in business organizations. Six Elements of Business Intelligence Environment Business Intelligence is a strategy based initiative and in business organizations, this environment is necessary to maintain. The business intelligence environment consists of following six elements: Data collection that is related to business environment such as structured and unstructured from various sources that is required to integrate and organized. Other essential factor is related to business intelligence infrastructure. It consists of a database system that is needed to store all the relevant business process data. Besides this, other essential factor that is essential to consider in business intelligence environment is related to analyze data and produce reports, tracking of progress of business by using key indicators of performance. Managerial methods and users is also one of the major element of business intelligence environment. Under this method, managers decide on strategic business goals and it is also decided that how progress is measured for making use of BI and BA tools appropriately. The delivery platforms such as MIS, DSS and ESS are used to results from BA and BI and deliver it to everyone in firm. User interface is also required for business intelligence environment, here visual techniques such as dashboards and scoreboards are used for presenting results of BA and BI. These are major elements of business intelligence environment that must be considered while doing business. (Tutorialspoint.com, 2016) Analytical Outputs that Business Intelligence Systems Utilize Business intelligence systems have analytical functionalities: First analytical functionality outputs consists of predefined reports that are based on industry-specific requirements. Parameterized reports are also necessary in case of analytical outputs. Under this parameterized reports, various parameters are entered into pivot table. This is done to filter data and to separate impacts of parameters. Visual tools are used in business environment such as dashboards and scoreboard. These tools are used for presenting performance data that is defined by users. Adhoc query, search and report creation is used for creation their own reports that are based on searches and queries. Analytical output that business intelligence utilizes also consists of drill down factors. This is an ability which is used to move from high-level summary to a more detailed view. Forecasts, scenarios and models are also one of major analytical outputs that is used to perform linear forecasting. It consists of what-if-scenario analysis and analysis of data by using standard statistical tools. How Business Intelligence and Analytics support improve decision making Decision making is an essential process performed by business organizations. It is a critical task to perform and it is responsibility of business management to implement this appropriately. Decision making has both positive and negative impacts on business operations. Business intelligence and analytics support improve decision making in a way that it provides help to improve productivity of business which is necessary for enhancing profit and revenue of business. To do this, business can channel their wide range of resources and workforce to raise productivity of business. Here business intelligence team handles whole work and it results in saving of cost, time and efficient supporting of reports that are required to improve productivity of business. The next way in which business intelligence and analytics can support improved decision making is that crucial or important information can be accessed easily through this activity. This information is regarding companies that is used to improving companies ability for making decisions and for generating competitive advantage. Other way in which business intelligence and analytics supports for decision making is that it provides accurate and timely information to business organizations and on the behalf of that information, business organizations can measure their performances. BI is also helpful in informed decision making regarding strategic issues. In this business intelligence and analytics are helpful for business organizations and these activities ensure that company receives real-time advanced data for ensuring that this information will be utilized properly. (Academia.edu, 2016) Benefits to Modern Business of employing the use of Intelligent Techniques in Decision Making In modern business, business intelligence methodologies and tools are considered to be useful for making critical business level decisions. Due to effectiveness of these methodologies or tools, these have become popular among business organizations. The major benefits that are observed to modern benefits of employing the use of intelligent technique in decision making are listed as below: The major benefit of BI to modern business of employing is the use of measurement activities for determining overall performance metrics. This performance metrics provide information about progress towards business goals. In development of quantitative processes that are required for making decisions, analytical activities are used. In case of business knowledge discovery, analytical activities are also required. Reporting activities that are required to develop an infrastructure for strategic reporting can also developed with the help of business intelligence methodologies, This strategic reporting is useful for strategic decision making mechanism. With the help of Business Intelligence, collaborative activities can be performed and these provide different parties to work together. To perform these activities data sharing and electronic data interchange are used for collaborative work. Knowledge management activities are also performed through business intelligence methodologies. This is important for implementing practices for identifying, representing and distributing of experiences that are required for business knowledge. (Google Books., 2016) How Business Intelligence Systems provide help to people working in groups The methodologies and tools of business intelligence and analytics can be used for both individual level and group level decision making. In group decision making all key executives are involved those provide guidance and strategy for business. Here business intelligence will provide help for making detailed report and analysis and executives can easily make decisions on the behalf of this detail report. Business Intelligence is a real-time performance management tool for monitoring large amount of data that is generated by business organizations. Besides this, it enables business executives for detecting market opportunities. BI guides group members in a way that no conflicts occur while making decisions by them. Business organizations always consider customers behavior while making any essential decisions. Business intelligence also focus on customers behavior and its preferences. This is also effective to make group level decisions. (Miller, 2011) In this way by using significant business intelligence techniques group level decision making can be done easily without any conflicts. Systems for improving enterprise-wide knowledge management systems Enterprise wide knowledge management systems are effort of firms or business organizations for collecting, storing, distributing and applying digital content and knowledge. Structured Knowledge based systems provide tools and databases that are required for storing and organizing structured documents. On other side, semi-structured knowledge based systems are used to manage semi-structured documents such as emails and rich media etc. The knowledge based systems are helpful enough to provide directories and tools that can be used for locating firm employees with special expertise. Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems can be more effective and beneficial, if these will be well-designed and also enable employees for locating, sharing and using knowledge in effective ways.( Etechgs.com, 2016) Conclusion After this whole discussion about business intelligence and analytics and its essential methodologies and tools, we can say that today without BI it will become difficult to perform effective decision making by business organizations. Detail reporting system, real time performance activities and appropriate analysis of customers behavior are major features of business intelligence. These reasons enhance the overall popularity of business intelligence in business organizations. Recommendations As we have discussed above effectiveness of Business intelligence in case of decision making, but there are some points that we would like to recommend through this report such as: While implementing business intelligence and its tools and methodologies, appropriate knowledge about these tools is necessary. Experts are required in organizations that have knowledge how business intelligence can be implemented effectively. To get successful outcomes, all BI standards are required to implement at level of management. References ComputerWeekly. (2016). Business intelligence: Collaborative decision-making. [online] Available at: https://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Business-intelligence-Collaborative-decision-making [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. SearchBusinessAnalytics. (2016). Understanding benefits of business intelligence reporting, data mining. [online] Available at: https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/feature/Understanding-benefits-of-business-intelligence-reporting-data-mining [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Academia.edu. (2016). Effects of Business Intelligence Techniques on Enterprise Productivity. [online] Available at: https://www.academia.edu/2700385/Effects_of_Business_Intelligence_Techniques_on_Enterprise_Productivity [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Google Books. (2016). Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firms. [online] Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Kx0YJS4ayAgCpg=PA497lpg=PA497dq=Discuss+the+systems+that+are+used+for+improving+enterprise-wide+knowledge+management.source=blots=i14PbNq7Crsig=RfqwGZl98BP4axzVsVrQn88iaJghl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwi72NvA9unLAhVDCo4KHUvkCysQ6AEIMDAD#v=onepageq=Discuss%20the%20systems%20that%20are%20used%20for%20improving%20enterprise-wide%20knowledge%20management.f=false [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Miller, R. (2011). Successful BI deployments have these elements - TechRepublic. [online] TechRepublic. Available at: https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/tech-decision-maker/successful-bi-deployments-have-these-elements/ [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Tutorialspoint.com. (2016). Decision Making Process. [online] Available at: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/management_concepts/decision_making_process.htm [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Inc.com. (2016). Management Information Systems (MIS). [online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/management-information-systems-mis.html [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016]. Etechgs.com. (2016). Business Intelligence Helps in Strategic Decision Making. [online] Available at: https://www.etechgs.com/blog/post/Business-Intelligence-Helps-in-Strategic-Decision-Making.aspx [Accessed 31 Mar. 2016].

Research Proposal on Elder Abuse Essay Example

Research Proposal on Elder Abuse Essay Elder abuse is the negative attitude towards elderly people which is characterized with the cause of harm to their psychological and physical health and their social life. The problem of elderly abuse exists all over the world but its most visual activity is observed in Western Europe and the USA. Elder abuse is the result of the negative attitude towards the elderly people caused by their state of health, social position, etc. In the developed countries an elderly person often becomes a burden for the family and most often she is sent to the retirement house to receive care and support of the professional nurses and physicists. There are many types of elder abuse which cause a negative impact on the human being. Most often the abuse has the psychological effect. The elderly person feels the lack of attention, love and care; she does not meet her friends and her relatives refuse to spend time with her. Elderly people often suffer from self-neglect, abandonment and even face the problem of rights abuse. In addition, there is the type of the institutional abuse, where the elderly people are not treated equally in comparison with the young employees who are full of energy and creativity. Alongside with psychological abuse, people suffer from physical abuse. They are deprived of food, hit, etc. The majority of the neglected elderly people are cheated, they are exploited financially; sometimes there are cases when the third people make the elderly person write and sign a false will which would provide these third people with the property of the elderly person after her death. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Elder Abuse specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Elder Abuse specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Elder Abuse specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Elder abuse is a serious problem which can be called the immoral one, because the exploitation, disrespect and neglect of an elderly person is the inhumane thing. The student is able to observe the issue form the personal point of view and his task is to persuade the professor in the quality of his ideas and the research approach towards the problem on elder abuse and its types. the student can try to solve the problem of abuse and invent the useful methods and techniques which would solve the problem effectively. The methodology of the proposal is probably the most important thing which influences the quality of the research. The research proposal is the assignment which can be written with the help of the instructions and tips presented by the Internet and the student can easily find a free example research proposal on elder abuse and solve the problem of writing in the intensive way. The young professional is able to improve his knowledge following the guidelines of a free sample research proposal on elder abuse analyzed by an expert and checked by the experienced editor online. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Elder Abuse topics. Your proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Tips on Measuring Distance on a Map

Tips on Measuring Distance on a Map A map represents a portion of  Earths surface. Because an accurate map represents a real area, each map has a scale that indicates the relationship between a certain distance on the map and the distance on the ground. The map scale is usually located in the legend box of a map, which explains the symbols and provides other important information about the map. A map scale can be printed in a variety of ways. Words Numbers Map Scale A ratio or representative fraction (RF) indicates how many units on Earths surface are equal to one unit on the map. It can be expressed as 1/100,000 or 1:100,000. In this example,  1 centimeter on the map could equal 100,000 centimeters (1 kilometer) on Earth. It could also mean that 1  inch on the map is equal to 100,000 inches on the real location (8,333 feet, 4 inches, or about 1.6 miles). Other common RFs include 1:63,360 (1 inch to 1 mile) and 1:1,000,000 (1 cm to 10 km). A word statement gives a written description of map distance, such as 1  centimeter equals 1 kilometer or 1 centimeter equals 10 kilometers. Obviously, the first map would show much more detail than the second, because 1 centimeter on the first map covers a much smaller area than on the second map. To find a real-life distance, measure the distance between two points on the map, whether inches or centimeters- whichever scale is listed- and then do the math. If 1 inch on the map equals 1 mile and the points youre measuring are 6 inches apart, theyre 6 miles apart in reality. Caution The first two methods of indicating map distance would be ineffective if the map is reproduced by a method such as photocopying with  the size of the map modified (zoomed in or reduced). If this occurs and one attempts to measure 1 inch on the modified map, its not the same as 1 inch on the original map. Graphic Scale A graphic scale  solves  the shrink/zoom  problem because it is simply a line marked with the distance on the ground that the map reader can use along with a ruler to determine scale on the map. In the United States, a graphic scale often includes both metric and U.S. common units. As long as the size of the graphic scale is changed along with the map, it will be accurate. To find a distance using a graphic  legend, measure the legend with a ruler to find its ratio; maybe 1 inch equals 50 miles, for instance. Then measure the distance between the points on the map and use that measurement to determine the real distance between those two places.  Ã‚   Large or Small Scale Maps are often known as large scale or small scale. A large-scale map refers to one that shows greater detail because the representative fraction (e.g., 1/25,000) is a larger fraction than a small-scale map, which would have an RF of 1/250,000 to 1/7,500,000. Large-scale maps will have an RF of 1:50,000 or greater (i.e., 1:10,000). Those between 1:50,000 to 1:250,000 are maps with an intermediate scale. Maps of the world that fit on two 8 1/2-by-11-inch pages are very small scale, about 1 to 100 million.

Canada Drops NETFILE Access Code Requirement

Canada Drops NETFILE Access Code Requirement Before 2013, a four-digit personal NETFILE access code was required in order to use NETFILE to file a Canadian personal income tax return online. The NETFILE access code is no longer required. The only personal identification needed is a social insurance number and date of birth. About NETFILE NETFILE is an electronic tax-filing service that allows a Canadian taxpayer to send an individual income tax and benefit return directly to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) using the internet  and a NETFILE-certified software program.  It streamlines the  tax filing process.  NETFILE is considered secure, confidential, faster and more accurate than submitting a paper form in the mail. NETFILE Access Code In the past, a Canadian taxpayer would need an access code sent in the mail in order to file tax returns using NETFILE. By getting rid of the access code requirement, the CRA suggests NETFILE is easier to use and encourages taxpayers to use NETFILE. To get started, a taxpayer should visit the CRA  website, enter personal identifying information and receive access. Safety Measures The Canada Revenue Agency says that dropping the access code requirement does not lower their security standards in any way. The CRA  explains how it now protects the security of taxpayer personal information when Canadian income taxes are filed online. According to the CRA, the agency uses the most secure forms of data encryption available today, the same levels of data encryption that financial institutions use to protect banking information. NETFILE is a one-way, one-time transaction of information. There is no way to change any of the information or go back and view it after it has been transmitted. In fact, if an individual needs to change any personal information on the income tax return, it would need to be updated with the CRA before using NETFILE, as there is no way to change personal  information in NETFILE while in the program. There is no danger of an individual being able to access another persons tax return and claim the refund. Nor is there the possibility of an individual being able to NETFILE a second T1 tax return under another persons name.

Upcoming Technologies within the healthcare Industry Research Paper

Upcoming Technologies within the healthcare Industry - Research Paper Example In the present world technology plays a vital role in our personal lives as well as in every industry. Health care is definitely one of the most crucial industries among them. The improvement of technology is required for saving countless lives all around the world. It is such kind of big field where innovation is required at each and every step. There are so many areas in the health care industry where improvement is required. Information technology, pharmaceuticals, bio technology etc are the most important areas among them. Development of equipment and medical devices are also required for improving the health of people. From the small innovation [like innovation of ankle braces or adhesive bandages] to large innovation [like innovation of MIR machines, Scan machines, artificial organs etc] all are required to felt an impact on the health care industry. Research objectives will help to clarify the research project and give some specific goals to the researchers to achieve the desired level of outcomes. This helps to define the focus on the research topic, indicate various steps which are involved in the research and establish the limit of the research or avoid collection of data which are unnecessary. There are so many objectives in case of improvement of technologies in the health care field. These are as follows: Improvement of technologies will also reduce the burden of more manpower resources. The productivity will increase by decreasing labor intensive work forces especially in this industry (Carlsson, 2002). It will also help to reduce the processing time. Without the technologies people have to wait long time for getting admission inside of a hospital. The testing procedure also was time consuming before applying the improved technological tools. Technology can solve the problem for waiting a long time before starting a treatment. Mobility can be stated as another objective of this research which will help to reduce the waiting time of

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 Essay

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 - Essay Example The functions of HRM discussed in the paper include HR planning, recruitment and selection, contracts, employee relations, grievance and discipline, and volunteer management. Since Manchester1 arranges small comedy events, the main clients of the company would be from the media. The company needs to start booking the local acts that can be featured (Drew). The company might have to build relationships with the booking agencies with the growth of the business to attract better comedians so that the workload can be reduced. Manchester1 recruits in two fundamental ways; online advertisement and with the help of the employment agencies. The company has its own personal website where it advertises the vacancies in the â€Å"jobs at Manchester1† section. In addition to that, understanding the power and usability of the social networking websites for the purpose of advertisement, the company advertises vacancies on Facebook. Facebook is being increasingly used by companies for advertising all over the world and â€Å"social ads† are considered as advertising’s future (Pickering). The company also has its personal profile on Facebook where it shares the information regarding the vacancies. HRM at Manchester1 also lists the criteria of eligibility for the interested candidates in each of these mediums to ensure that only the possibly qualifying people send their CVs and the HRM has a lesser load of applications to deal with. In addition, HRM at Manchester1 also render the services of the e mployment agencies especially when they have to recruit the employees on an immediate basis. Candidates for interview are short-listed after a thorough review of their individualistic talents, achievements, and competences, and the short-listed candidates are called upon for a structured interview. The selected candidates are recommended to the top management which after a second interview, selects the employees. At Manchester1, the selected employees are first offered a place at the company temporarily during which, no written contract is made between the employee and the company.  

Latin America colonial times Essay Example for Free

Latin America colonial times Essay ?4. How does colonialism engage with notions of spirituality, witchcraft, and/or (ritual) intoxication? You may analyze how the distinctions between orthodox and unorthodox practices were distinguished (and oftentimes blurred). You may look at Staden, the readings on witchcraft and â€Å"superstition,† etc. Beginning in 1492 when the Spanish under the crown of Castile invaded the Americas, where their first settlement was in Santo Domingo, their main motivations were trade and the spread of the Catholic faith through indigenous conversions and economic gain. Due to these objectives they intervened and attempted to change every facet of the indigenous way of life including their ‘notions of spirituality, witchcraft, and intoxication’. The indigenous population had formally been removed from the jurisdiction of the inquisition by order of King Phillip the second in 1571, however the native people of Mexico and other invaded lands of the Americas were still prosecuted on accounts of witchcraft or being Nauatil (witches). Colonialism engaged with notions of spirituality and witchcraft by asserting their dominance in attempts to completely annihilate these practices. They attempted to make sense of what they did not understand by attributing these happenings to witchcraft and condemning those prosecuted as witches. Further, as previously mentioned, they attempted to spread the Catholic religion by deeming the religious practices previously ‘inherited’ (treatise on Heathen superstition) by the indigenous population as acts of witchcraft. In his letter to Reverend Don Francisco Manso de Zunga, Hernando Ruiz de Alarcon a Spanish navigator of the sixteenth centaury wrote that the reasons behind attempting to completely eradicate the superstitious ways of the people he regarded as Indians was that some of their practices such as â€Å"drunkenness was not permitted to them even in their heathen state† and was punishable by death. (39) His reasons behind â€Å"scraping of drunkenness from the memory of humanity† (39) is that even to those who are believed to be Pagans or non believers (heathens) (39) it was prohibited, therefore once baptised and accepted as Christians it is was a sin to indulge in these acts. To increase the spread and conversion to Catholicism within the Indians, Alarcon, validates the eradication of their customs. Further in his letter Hernando Ruiz de Alarcon explains how by indulging in these superstition practices the Indians are harming themselves. He states â€Å"This (their drunkenness) is the cause of the total destruction of the health of their bodies, and consequently the sufficient and principal barrier to their preservation and increase† (39). Alarcon explains that the deepness with which these practices have fastened into the native American culture leads him to believe that â€Å"the ministers have entered late into their parishioners’ language. † (40). Here we get an indication that despite their conversion to Christianity, Alarcon believes there is no hope to change the Indians’ superstitious ways. In light of the Spaniards determination to spread the Christian faith they attempted to eradicate all other religious practices within the Americas. In his letter Alarcon states in his letter â€Å"others (superstitions) have a weak foundation, because a traditions of their false gods is hardly found among their stories† (39). He explains their previous religion had no concrete roots, they worshiped ‘false gods’ and it was illegitimate; therefore, all rituals and practices for this cause were superstitious. It is important for us to note that the work of finding and documenting the acts of superstition in Mexico was bestowed on Alarcon and therefore it was in his best interest to exaggerate the evidence he supposedly finds. Further, he admits that he is not fully capable to undertake this task because of his â€Å"defective intellect and small experience with writing† (40). In his Treatise on the Heathen Superstition Alarcon explores many aspects of the Mexican native population’s way of idolizing their god’s or goddesses, he attributes this act to an act of worshiping the devil. This is another example of how the Spanish used the notion of witchcraft to propel the spread of Christianity. In his treatise Alarcon states â€Å"and by this means they usually communicate with the devil, because he usually communicates with them when they are deprived of judgement with the said drink and deceives them with different appearances† (48). In this example we can see how Alarcon uses Christianity and the threat of the devil to abolish drunkenness. Alarcon also uses the Devil to explain phenomenons that were beyond the scope of the Spanish understanding. He states in his treatise, â€Å"they (the sages in Mexico) are always deceitful and ceremoniatic and seek to persuade people that they are consummate in knowledge, since they profess to know what is absent and to foresee what is in the future, which, it may be, is revealed to them by the Devil, who can, through knowledge and conjecture, foresee many future events. † (45). Due to the fact that Alarcon and other Spaniards at that time could not make sense of why the prophecies or futuristic readings of the native Mexican sages were holding true, they declared it an act of the Devil and therefore a form of witchcraft. Another example of the Spaniards condemning the unexplainable acts in the Americas is in the document â€Å"On her Deathbed, Maria de la Candelaria Accuses Michaela de Molina of Casting Spells† produced in Guatemala in 1696. In this text different testimonies of various people that witnessed the sickness of Maria de la Candelaria a girl servant. In the testimony of Dona Juana Gonzalez a Spanish woman and mistress of Maria, she states, â€Å"the reason that she presumes this (that Michaela de Molina had casted spells on Maria) is because her servant, Maria had some fights with [Michaela] and not with anyone else. † (170) The Spaniards and even the natives of Guatemala could not fathom why or how Maria was dispelling such large amounts of blood and various objects like stones, rags and hair from her mouth and nose therefore attempted to reason it by condemning Michaela in the act of witchcraft. It is important to understand why the Spanish were interested in Maria’s sickness. In Spain and other parts of Europe the acts of witchcraft were highly condemned. People were afraid of loosing their power and therefore they feared the unknown. They condemned it by illegalizing all forms of witchcraft. Further, the act of ‘drunkenness’ and other practices not coherent with the beliefs of Christianity were also attributed to witchcraft therefore abolishing witchcraft became a means to spread the Christian faith specially since the indigenous population had formally been removed from the jurisdiction of the inquisition by order of King Phillip the second in 1571.

Important Factors In A Romantic Relationship :: essays research papers

Important Factors in a Romantic Relationship Why get involved in a romantic relationship? What benefits do they have? People commonly ask these questions when faced with the decision of getting involved with someone. Romantic relationships provide comradery, courtship, and love. All of these contribute to building a lasting bond between two people. Friendship is the foundation, courtship preserves the romance, and love makes it last. Friendship is often the basis of romantic relationships. The comradery brings two people closer together. A romantic partner is someone in whom to confide, and with whom to share great problems. He is there to console and comfort in hours of need. He gives his friendship unconditionally as a foundation in the relationship. Friendship takes love and kindness, as do romantic relationships. When a couple starts out as friends, they build a stronger alliance. This is why romance usually starts with friendship. Courtship is very important in romantic relationships. Amorous companions need to feel wanted and appreciated. Courtship keeps the romance in a relationship. It helps one lover show the other how he feels. "Show your love with flowers " is frequently used in the flower industry to get people to buy flowers. Buying flowers shows one's affection. Holidays such as Valentine's Day emphasize the need to show that special someone how admired they really are. Courtship allows people to continuously grow closer and learn new things about each other. Whether it is giving a sweetheart a dozen roses, or an "I love you" now and then, courtship is what keeps the flame alive between romantic partners. Love binds all romantic relationships. Without love they would not exist. George Hebert shows the benefits of love in relationships in this quotation that states "Love makes all hard hearts gentle." This quote expresses how a cold person coming into a relationship can be softened by love. Having a romantic partner gives a person a sense of reassurance, self-esteem, and love for himself. Love enhances the lives of both partners in the relationship. For example, when two people are in love, their emotions are at an ultimate high.

ABC Management Company: Organizing for Mid-Range Service

1. List some of the important organizational and service factors that the executives of ABC Management should consider before responding to the owners of the three mid-range service properties. Since the hotels are within the mid range (350-500 rooms), a room director will be needed to supervise the departments that make up the rooms division, another director for the food and beverage department and supervisors in the subdivision under the food and beverage department.Other key members of the management team that should be included are a director of sales and marketing, controller, and a director of human resources. Other hotel service and organizational factors should also include an executive housekeeper and director of catering as part of the management team. Some of these positions may be limited as some of them can be done by one person. I am a strong believer in department heads. Considering that they are taking in three hotels with a range in size of 350-450 rooms each, it wo uld be best to consider department heads for more control and organization. 2. Create an organization chart that ABC Management could use to identify management positions for the operation of a 450-room, mid-range service hotel. Aside of the organization chart, briefly describe each management position’s primary responsibilities. Primary Duties of each department head are listed below. However, they are not limited. There are just a few items listed. Position Oversees Responsibility General Hotel Manager All departments†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Responsible for maximizing revenues and flow through to GOP to meet or exceed budgeted EBITDA. †¢Ã‚     Responsible for preparation of property budget and forecasts. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Manages labor standards and property level expenses to achieve maximum flow through to the bottom line profit. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Promotes 100%Guest satisfaction throughout property. Instills the 100% guest satisfaction objective to AGM and hourly associates.†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Ensures that all guest related issues are resolved in a manner consistent with the company’s goals and objectives. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Recruits qualified applicants. Trains employees in accordance with company standards. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Motivates and gives direction to all employees. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Communicates all policies and procedures to entire staff Rooms Division Manger Front Desk, Uniform Services, Housekeeping †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Train hotel associates/administration †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Communicates all policies and procedures to entire staff Supervise continuous 7 day/week, 24 hour front office operation, night audit and housekeeping operations and assigned staff, including hiring, training, evaluating performance and scheduling work. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Formulate budgets and prepare monthly revenue/expense forecasts. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain customer service/satisfaction standards; handle customer service issues. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain and operate all computer equipment. Food and Beverage ManagerFood Production, Restaurants, Banquets, Cocktail Lounge, Room Service †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Check budgets, payroll and food order invoices from suppliers †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Hire and schedules servers, bartenders and other food service employees, assigns kitchen staff to cooking and preparation tasks, and determines service standards for personnel. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Knowledge of American and ethnic cuisine, food preparation and the costs of purchasing items for particular dishes. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Plan menus for restaurants and special events like banquets. Sales & Marketing Manager Sales & Marketing†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Develops and manages sales/marketing operating budgets. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Plans and oversees advertising and promotion activities including print, online, electronic media, and direct mail. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Develops and recommends product positioning, packaging, and pricing strategy to produce the highest possible long-term market share. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Achieves satisfactory profit/loss ratio and  market share in relation to preset standards and industry and economic trends.Controller Hotel Finances†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Takes ownership for the production of monthly financial and management accounts, budgets and forecasts and to ensure strong financial controls and processes operate throughout the business. †¢Ã‚      Manages a designated team, ensuring month end accounts are prepared in a timely and accurate manner, producing statutory accounts, preparing business budgets and forecasts, managing cash flow and working cross functionally in order to champion commercial initiatives.Accounting Manager Payables & Receivables†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Achieves accounting operational objectives by contributing accounting information and recommendations to strategic plans and reviews. †¢Ã‚      Meets accounting financial objectives by forecasting requirements. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Confirms financial status by monitoring revenue and expenses. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintains accounting controls by establishing a chart of accounts. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Guides other departments by researching and interpreting accounting policy; applying observations and recommendations to operational issues.Director of Human Resources Human Resources Department†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Employee services and counseling. †¢Ã‚      Employee safety, welfare, wellness, and health. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Charitable giving. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Organizational and space planning. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Performance management and improvement systems. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Employment and compliance to regulatory concerns. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Policy development and community communication. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Compensation and benefits administration. 3. Create an organization chart that ABC Management could use to identify front office positions for the operation of a 450-room, mid-range service hotel. Aside of the organization chart, briefly describe each front officeposition’s primary responsibilities. Position Oversees Responsibility Front Office MangerAssistant Front Office Manager, Security Agent, and Reservations Supervisor †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Is able to effectively interpret financial results in regards to revenues, payroll, costs, and expenses. †¢Ã‚      Establish and monitor cost and expense control systems and procedures to achieve budgets. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Take corrective measures and actions to ensure highest possible profitability. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Personally and frequently verify that guests are receiving the best possible service. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Demanding on service standards as well as hygiene standards. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Ensures speedy and accurate service at all times.   Assistant Front Office Mgr Front Office Supervisor AM/PM, Front Desk Agent†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Responsible for employees to project professionalism and are well trained to provide friendly service. †¢Ã‚      Periodically inspects rooms to ensure cleanliness and well maintained rooms. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Assists the Front Office Manger. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Aware of new market trends and activities of competitors.Security AgentSecurity of the hotel†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Check doors and stairwells to make sure the locks are secure and no danger is lurking. †¢Ã‚      Patrols outdoors as well as room hallways and activity areas. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Response to complaints and calls for help. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Purchases, maintains, and monitor security cameras, alarm systems, and other electronic surveillance equipment. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Escort unruly patrons from the property. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Administrative Duties.  Ã‚  Reservations SupervisorReservation Agent†¢Ã‚   Reserves rooms for guests. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Interacts with upper management to inform them of special events or local  affairs. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Communicates with housekeeping and service staffs to share customer concerns and propose resolutions. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Communicates with the sales and marketing department for develop advertising and promotional campaigns.  Ã‚  Front Office Supervisor Front Desk†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Reports to Assistant Front Office Manager. †¢Ã‚      Overview of the Front Office Department. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Checklist of all arrival and departures. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Handling complaints and issues about the service. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Welcoming and greeting all guests and the VIP. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Bookings and Reservations. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Supervise the Front Office Staff on a daily basis. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Schedule employees.Reservation AgentGuest Reservations†¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Register guests as they come into the hotel. †¢Ã‚      Inform guests on hotel happenings †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Works as a liaison between guests and maintenance personnel. Front Office AgentGuests †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Greets and welcomes guests. †¢Ã‚      Reservations. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Cash and Credit Card handling. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚   Check guests in.  The above positions may even be trickled down to just a few positions as they can go under one position. For example, the Front Offic e Agent can do the same tasks as the Reservation Agent. I indicated these for just in case ABC Management needed them in order to service the guests better by splitting up the positions and responsibilities.

How did group skills contribute to the development of the drama Essay

We approached our initial research by deciding on the path we were taking for our piece and examining what would be the best to topics to research i. e. the Wall Street Crash, the credit crunch, primitive civilisations, survival techniques etc. and then distributing these sections to members of the group to individually research. Every member of the group did their own research on everyone of these subjects so we all knew and understood every topic and to get an overview of what we were taking, which would help with our portrayal of the themes within our material. We executed this by discussing what we had found in our research and comparing it with the other members of the group. We then picked the most relevant points from our discussions and integrated them into our material. We all researched different aspects of the stimulus during our brain storming sessions, drawing from what we knew about the image and then exploring it independently. Ideas were developed collectively, individuals would put forward their ideas for the piece (which were often the same as other members of the group) which were then discussed and collectively performed and then modified, depending on their relevance and cohesiveness with the rest of the piece. However input seemed to keep coming from the same people all the time, so we had to extend and force particular members of the group to share their individual thoughts about our ideas. The majority of the devising work was worked on as a collective, although some individuals could have been more involved with the process, but we all wanted to make sure that everyone agreed on the direction we were taking the piece and aspects of the scene. Our piece was a mixture between ensemble and individual based. For the wise man scene there was a section in which we all had to act out the story of the crash moving into images of everyday occurrences surrounding work, partying and resting. To make sure that we were all together for these transitions we practised them over and over again often having to compromise our actions to make them run smoothly into one another. Throughout we all decided that if we were ever stationary or had to focus on a particular spot we would all stare at the same horizontal bar above the audience in our theatre. For our scene in the company we all had to hold boards and walk in an oval always facing the audience, this took place behind the protagonist to give the illusion that he was running down a corridor. For this we to work we had to be organised and efficient, first of all we had to make sure that there were three boards at the front at all time meaning we all had to walk at the same pace, we also had to carry the boards at roughly the same height, this was quite difficult to achieve so we did as best we could by holding them at arms height. We didn’t focus on the bar for this scene until we had become stationary; this was so we could focus on the movement of the circle and its relationship to the speed that the protagonist was walking at. To achieve this shared physical look we practised over and over again, extracting one of the members of the group to see if it looked good enough. Through trial and error we managed to obtain the same physical relationship between one another. Characters were, most of the time, created individually however when needed we helped people who were struggling with their character profile or decided that a character should be different to how they were being portrayed. Most of us put forward suggestions towards certain members’ character development anyway as a suggestion if we felt that they weren’t doing enough to explore and exploit their potential. This happened a lot in the War scene as we had to create contrasting and analogous characters within the separate groups and, as it was one of our best scenes, we wanted everyone to be heard and seen. I contributed a lot to the development of a movement piece, I took a piece of music called ‘Clubbed to Death’ from the Matrix and listened to it, noted where the distinguishing sections were and began to create a piece of movement to go with it. This was when we were using one of our original plot lines so it wasn’t used in the final performance but one or two of the ideas were used in certain areas of the play. It was originally showing the downfall of the company and the death of the protagonist, I wanted to use the boards a lot, making members of the chorus use them as shields, slamming them down and pushing them along the floor with two gargoyles on the tower of Babel (a piece of staging we were using at the time) the company’s opponents are throwing spears then slowly through the piece the gargoyles break themselves away from the tower to kill their attackers. They achieve this by touching their attackers heads, this all happens in the middle section of the music which is quieter and more sinister. After the gargoyles make contact with the attackers heads I made them writhe as if they were being electrocuted, all the while the protagonist reaches the top of the tower and flings paper out into the audience, however a spear hits him and he dies as do the gargoyles as soon as the papers are thrown into air they begin to crumple and then collapse. I really enjoyed choreographing this piece of movement but, unfortunately by this point, we had already changed our plot, which rendered it useless. I also provided a lot of the sounds like the track during the rape scene (â€Å"The Piano Duet† from Corpse Bride) and in the final scene (â€Å"My Dearest Friend† by Devendra Banhart) All the, concepts and situations were created amongst the group. Our group is extremely diverse both in personalities and in ability, overall we have some very good actors and we all get on wonderfully and made a good team, however there are members of the group that are weaker than others, one in particular who barely gave any ideas or thoughts to the process. Their silence happened so often that we had to question her constantly about her views on everything just to know what her reaction was to the content we were producing or the direction we were heading in. This proved very tedious also because she took no initiative into developing her character and when given suggestions by the other members of the group she listened to them but didn’t seem to put any of these ideas into practise. We coached her as much as we could and managed to get a decent performance out of her for the final performance. On a completely different note there was tension between two girls in our group but they moved passed these differences and worked with each other as best they could, the tension lessened over the weeks with a few hiccoughs but the managed to work together as a team planning props in the few weeks before the performance. Moment were the group worked well together Why it was important During the development of the War Scene after the group had been separated into two to create material, we worked together to find a ways to cut between the separate scenes to make a seamless and amusing scene. It strengthened our group dynamic, the girls being on one side bar one and the boys on the other, this allowed us to relax with each other and improvise things that we found amusing. Most of the members of the girls group were fans of Monty Python, French and Saunders and Black Adder, which we all seemed to agree, had the right kind of comedy that we wanted to integrate in our section. It helped us understand each other’s sense of humour and our acting dynamic. After this scene it was clear that we were on the same page regarding material that we’d produced prior to this exercise. Sitting opposite the group of boys was good too as they are very funny people, it helped us to improve our scene, in comparison with theirs, but still carry on the path of humour we’d been following. Rehearsing the Company scene where every member of the chorus has a board and we created a movement piece using them together. This was important for the group as it allowed us to work as a collective rather than individuals, we were all concerned about this piece and wanted to create a slick, focussed piece of physical theatre. Through rigorous rehearsal we managed to pin point exactly what was needed and achieved a focus that, with the music, made a punchy start to the beginning of the company scene. We had to bang our boards down at exactly the same time cueing the music, to do this we all agreed to focus on the person who was most visible to everyone, which happened to be me, and we managed to do this perfectly every time in the last few weeks of rehearsal right through the performance. Moment were the group didn’t work well Why? What did we learn from this At the beginning of the Wise man scene the chorus plays ‘freaks’ who follow the wise man, there wasn’t enough group development on these characters during rehearsals. Everyone was concerned about the content of the scene, which provided some brilliant freaks, but we didn’t think how it would perceived by an audience and as a whole, we left this to the last minute, which meant they could’ve been even greater. That we need to face everything head on, leaving things to the last minute on one of the biggest scenes of play, especially the start of it, even though we did a lot of discussing in eagerness to push on we sometimes miss little things that could be rectified and turn a piece of action that hasn’t been through into something clear and concise that stands by itself. A character that, if taken out of the scene, could stand by themselves and have a background giving more depth to the madness. At the beginning of the process when we seemed to keep brainstorming and discussing things rather than being spurred into action and, if we did create something that was bad suggestion in the first place, we didn’t question we went along with it. We were more concerned about not getting into an argument that we didn’t tell one another if we thought an idea wasn’t good, instead we suggested more ideas. That sometimes you have to tell people if an idea won’t work and don’t get worried if someone’s annoyed at you, it is better to create a good piece of drama that can lead you in a great direction after having a falling out than coming up with a rubbish idea that doesn’t hold together as a piece of theatre. We all did our bit to collaborate on design ideas this was so we could perform with the set, lighting and music that we all wanted so that we could perform in an ideal space that the group collectively designed. There was a big difference between group skills in rehearsal to performance, in rehearsal we were a lot more calm about everything and kept a very relaxed group dynamic but, only as it came to the dress and tech rehearsals did we start buckling down and making sure everyone’s focus was impeccable and that we were all doing this for each other, to stand as a collective rather than individuals as this was the only way our marks would be better.

Development Of Spy Planes Essays - Reconnaissance, Free Essays

Development Of Spy Planes Essays - Reconnaissance, Free Essays Development Of Spy Planes Development of Spy Aircraft 21 February 2000 Since the beginning of time there has always been conflict and inevitably war. Because of war, it is logical that enemies would seek out information about each other in order to increase their own chances of survival. Reconnaissance would be the proper terminology for gathering this information. There are many ways in which to gather reconnaissance, however I am going to talk about aerial reconnaissance and the use of spy aircraft as a method of acquiring important information. The first documented evidence of aerial reconnaissance was in 1794 when Captain J.M.J. used his captive balloon to observe his enemy at the Battle of Fleurus. The first documented use of airplane reconnaissance was in 1911, when Italian Captain Piazza spent an hour in his Blerot making notes on the Turkish positions between Azizia and Triopoli. The next year in 1912, this same pilot recorded the first aerial reconnaissance sortie using a camera. These first methods of reconnaissance were very cumbersome events because the cameras of those days would fill your entire lap. Because it greatly increased range of sight, it was extremely advantageous to observe from a higher elevation. For example, an average 6ft man can see approximately 3 miles, however, when put in an aircraft 65 feet above the earths surface, his horizon increase to 10 miles. Moreover, put him in an aircraft 35,000 ft above the earths surface and his horizon is no less than 230 miles. This paradigm shift in intelligence would lead to astounding innovations in aerial reconnaissance within this century. The Great War (World War I) was basically a ground war, which consisted of bloody fighting throughout an immense system of interconnected trenches. Because of this, each side needed a reliable source of intelligence about each others movements At the beginning of the Great War aircraft had only been used as an effective fighting machine. After realizing that these high-flying aircraft could observe and bring back panoramic photographs of enemy fortifications and movements, each side began modifying aircraft to carry large cameras of the time. Most of the modifications were very simple, consisting of a hole cut in the bottom of the fuselage through which your back gunner could point and operate the camera. However, more often than not, the back gunner just basically manhandled this large robust camera into position when a target was sighted. In either case, by the end of the Great War in 1918 more than 90,000 people on all fronts, produced roughly 12,000 large photographic prints a da y. Also, the quality and reliability of these photos were unimagined four years earlier. Pressure of four years of war had transformed aerial reconnaissance into a routine operation using extremely large but very good cameras designed for the job. (Gunston pg.8) By the time World War II began in September 3, 1939, there were many aircraft in circulation, however the U.S. had not been able to get sufficient photos of Germany for a variety of reasons. Sidney Cotton, who was an expert pilot and photographer, was contracted by the British to daringly fly his civilian Lockheed airplane over German hostile territory and come back with photos of the German fleet. He had accomplished his mission in less than a month after the War had started. Sidney Cotton went on to set up the Photographic Development Unit in Heston. The Unit became know as the Photographic Reconnaissance Unit, which was famous for developing millions of films and made great technological advances in the art of aerial reconnaissance. During the time of World War II aerial reconnaissance and intelligence gathering really came into its own. Advanced warplanes were often modified as reconnaissance platforms capable of carrying a battery of cameras at high speed and over long distances . These reconnaissance flights became a regular part of the war, and were instrumental in the planning of the D-day invasion. The Cold War, which began at the end of World War II and last until the dismantleing of the Soviet Union in 1991 called for extreme advancement in all aspects of aircraft and aerial reconnaissance. It was this sensitive period that inspired the United States CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) to fund the production of the

Measuring Quality of Life Based on Geography

Measuring Quality of Life Based on Geography Perhaps the most important aspect of living that we sometimes take for granted is the quality of life that we receive by living and working where we do. For instance, the ability for you to peruse these words through the use of a computer is something that might be censored in some Middle Eastern countries and China. Even our capability to walk safely down a street is something that some countries (and even some cities in the United States) may lack. Identifying areas with the highest quality of life offers an important view of cities and ​countries while providing information for those hoping to relocate. Measuring  Quality of Life By Geography One way of looking at a places quality of life is by the amount of output it produces each year. This is especially handy in the case of a country considering many countries have varying degrees of production, differing resources, and distinctive conflicts and problems within them. The major way of measuring a countrys output per year is by looking at the countrys gross domestic product, or GDP. The GDP is the amount of goods and services produced within a country annually and is typically a good indication of the amount of money flowing in and out of the country. When we divide a countrys total GDP by its total population, we get GDP per capita which reflects what each individual of that country takes home (on average) per year. The idea is that the more money we have the better off we are. Top 5 Countries with the Largest GDPs The following are the top five countries with the largest GDPs in 2010 according to the World Bank: 1) United States: $14,582,400,000,0002) China: $5,878,629,000,0003) Japan: $5,497,813,000,0004) Germany: $3,309,669,000,0005) France: $2,560,002,000,000 Countries with Highest-Ranked GDP Per Capita The five highest-ranked countries in terms of GDP per capita in 2010 according to the World Bank: 1) Monaco: $186,1752) Liechtenstein: $134,3923) Luxembourg: $108,7474) Norway: $84,8805) Switzerland: $67,236 It seems that small developed countries are ranked the highest in terms of per capita income. This is a good indicator to see what the average salary is of a country but can be a bit misleading since these small countries are also some of the richest and, therefore, must be the most well off. Since this indicator can be a bit distorted due to the population size, there exist other factors which further inform quality of life. Human Poverty Index Another metric for looking at how well-off a countrys people are is to take into consideration the Human Poverty Index (HPI) of the country. The HPI for developing countries represents quality of life by formulating the probability of not surviving to age 40, the adult literacy rate, and the average amount of the countrys population who have little to no access to clean drinking water. While the outlook for this metric is seemingly dismal, it does provide important clues as to what countries are better off. There is a second HPI that is used mostly for those countries that are considered developed. The United States, Sweden, and Japan are good examples. The aspects that are formulated for this HPI are the probability of not surviving to age 60, the number of adults lacking functional literacy skills, the percentage of ​the  population with income below the poverty line, and the rate of unemployment lasting longer than 12 months. Other Measures and Indicators of Quality of Life A well-known survey that attracts a lot of international attention is the Mercer Quality of Living Survey. The annual list places New York City with a baseline score of 100 to act as the median for all other cities to compare with. The rankings consider many different aspects from cleanliness and safety to culture and infrastructure. The list is a very valuable resource for ambitious companies looking to set up an office internationally, and also for employers to decide on how much to pay at certain offices. Recently, Mercer began to factor in environmental friendliness into their equation for cities with the highest qualities of life as a means of better qualifying what makes a great city. There exist a few unusual indicators for measuring quality of life as well. For example, the king of Bhutan in the 1970s (Jigme Singye Wangchuck) decided to overhaul the Bhutanese economy by having each member of the country strive for happiness as opposed to money. He felt that GDP was rarely a good indicator of happiness as the indicator fails to take into account environmental and ecological improvements and their effects, yet includes defense expenditures that rarely benefit a countrys happiness. He developed an indicator called Gross National Happiness (GNH), which is somewhat difficult to measure. For instance, while GDP is an easy tally of goods and services sold within a country, GNH doesnt have much for quantitative measures. However, scholars have tried their best to make some sort of quantitative measurement and have found a countrys GNH to be a function of the well-being of a human in economic, environmental, political, social, workplace, physical, and mental terms. These terms, when aggregated and analyzed, can define how happy a nation is. There are also a number of other ways to quantify ones quality of life. A second alternative is the genuine progress indicator (GPI) which is similar to GDP but instead looks to see if a countrys growth has actually made people better off in that nation. For instance, if the financial costs of crimes, environmental degradation, and natural resource losses are higher than the financial gains made through production, then the countrys growth is uneconomic. One statistician who has created a way to analyze trends in data and growth is the Swedish academic Hans Rosling. His creation, Gapminder Foundation, has compiled plenty of useful data for the public to access, and even a visualizer, which allows for a user to look at trends over time. It is a great tool for anyone interested in growth or health statistics.

Proposal on International Project Management Research

On International Project Management - Research Proposal Example The intention of this study is an international project manager that has the job of reviving business within a completely different situation. He or she has to find out the general formation of the business in addition to its workflow. Within an operational-based business, experienced workforce and capability to carry out these chores is crucial. Technical framework could be an important aspect. For a region-based business, location is essential, and thorough understanding of the country in addition to its way of life is vital. Products may have to be modified according to the host marketplace. An international-based formation may have a diverse set of product lines, every one of which can be prepared and advertised all over the locations. These styles can be merged, although selecting the formation of the business should sustain the company's most important objectives. Several businesses begin by initially starting the fresh administrative centre or â€Å"facility as an export divi sion that falls under the umbrella of Operations or Marketing† - which might turn out to be an International Division in the long run. How this fresh setup best goes along within the parent business's general formation relies on the idea for the fresh location as well as how much the parent business wants to develop. Other alternatives take account of starting a completely owned subsidiary or a joint venture in a foreign country, dealing from an international company to produce goods to requirement, or acquiring materials and / or supplies from an international company producer. ... The aim is to come up with an outcome that will reveal this and presents a solution to cope with these differences. Research Question How the characteristics of different countries along with varying cultures affect the capabilities of international project manager? Literature Review Struggle within the international market continues to rise, mainly among the â€Å"United States, the European Union, and Asian nations† (Biermann & Siebenhuner, p. 192, 2009). Due to this, businesses have to calculate the aggressive setting of the host nation. Primarily, it is useful to realize that the character of competition differs by region as well as by business. A number of countries support an environment of â€Å"pure competition† (Comfort & Franklin, p. 92, 2011); for instance, there may be any amount of retailers, everyone with comparatively tiny market share, with competition supported exclusively by price. Some may be additionally monopolistic. Taking into consideration the ki nd of environment within which an international project manager has to work, guarantees the application of suitable business practices. Risks that are more specific originate from existing competitors, fresh competitors who may as well come into the marketplace, in addition to the negotiating authority of dealers as well as consumers within the host country or area. In addition, several countries' trade settings make penetrating the market complicated as compared to others. National Culture There are several views about what a culture includes. A general idea is that culture is linked with human morals. The standard notion regarding the phrase culture has connections to proper