Recommendation Report Essay Example For Students

Suggestion Report Essay Rules for the Recommendation Report Your groups target archive is a cooperatively composed proposal report which remarks upon the potential for either the development and support of a Web webpage (practicality study) or corrections to a previously existing page (ease of use study). This archive ought to adequately intercede between the customers needs and the courses objectives for this undertaking. Your groups work ought to reflect thought of both the customers wants and assets and the classs standards for the examination and creation of an expert proposal report. Your finished first Draft of the Recommendation Report is expected Sunday, December first at 9pm. Understudies will peruse the reports in anticipation of in-class peer survey on Monday, December 2. The last draft of your proposal report is expected by 6pm on Friday, December 6. Headings for Submission: You ought to bring the printed rendition of the task to ENAD 233. The electronic variant (and every single supporting document, assuming any) ought to be sent to me (and all colleagues) by 6pm too. Email my duplicate to [emailprotected] du. Purposes The reason for the report is to impart legitimately to the customer, both outwardly and verbally, practical advances that its association could take so as to all the more likely use the possibilities of the Web for advancement, web based business, documenting data, or customer relations. Your suggestions should center upon a couple of all around explored alternatives that the customer could execute right away. These alternatives, be that as it may, likewise should improve the customers long haul Web interchanges plans. We will compose a custom exposition on Recommendation Report explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Despite the fact that you may need to give some consideration to calculated issues, for example, ISPs, programming programs, and such, your report ought not just comprise of a how-to manual for making essential Web pages. Allude the customer to such data and spotlight rather on proposals espcially fit to the customers objectives and logical setting. It is normal that all groups will present their report to the endless supply of the undertaking as an expert courtest and to respond for the cooperative attitude of the customer in working with Purdue University understudies. Report segments Your 7-9 page (excluding reference sections), single-separated, full-blocked report ought to incorporate visuals all through and will have 7 principle segments: 1. Cover sheet 2. Outline 3. Examinations 4. Proposals * Description * Rationale * Plan 5. Cost Analyses 6. Rundown of Resources 7. Informative supplements Description of report segments Your suggestion report, tended to legitimately to the customer, must incorporate the accompanying areas. Cover sheet Should incorporate the title of the report, the customer for which the report is delivered, the creators names, and the date on which the report is submitted to the customer. Review Ought to give a short depiction of the report, including a general examination of the customers needs and the groups proposed reactions to those necessities. Investigation Should contextualize the report inside the bigger task. This area ought to give a concise history of your field research. This conversation ought to contextualize your groups research with the goal that the customer can more readily comprehend the procedure that your group followed so as to figure its proposals. Proposals As referenced over, your group should feature a couple of sensible choices that the customer can actualize so as to meet its drawn out Web correspondence objectives. Regardless of whether you are leading an achievability or ease of use study, every one of your proposals ought to incorporate the accompanying 3 segments: a portrayal ought to disclose to the customer the means or activities that you are supporting. Your portrayal ought to give explicit subtleties from your exploration in relationship to the customers setting and needs. a method of reasoning ought to clarify the why of your help of this specific activity; disclose to the customer both why your group considers this to be as attainable and how this activity will profit the customer both quickly and in the long haul. plan ought to portray to the customer the particular advances vital for the usage and support of this suggested activity. Your conversation ought to likewise incorporate a time period for these means. Once more, give explicit subtleties from your field research. Cost examinations Should give an investigation and gauge of the cost factors associated with your customers execu tion and upkeep of your groups proposals. Notwithstanding your composed synopsis, your group ought to give this data to the customer as table(s) which separate the expenses for every proposal, just as for all the suggestions consolidated. .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .postImageUrl , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:hover , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:visited , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:active { border:0!important; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:active , .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad 1dbd9eb3f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u0d2863bfab2a06745b89cad1dbd9eb3f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Mac Beth EssaySome cost components to consider incorporate work force, equipment, programming, web get to, support, and so forth. Rundown of sources Should reference all inside and outer sources counseled all through the examination procedure including those sources identified with expenses and uses. These sources ought to be organized after APA or MLA style rules (simply be predictable). For guidelines, counsel Purdues Online Writing Lab. Reference sections Should incorporate records that help and upgrade your proposals to the customer. Potential connections incorporate specialized documentation, directions, glossaries, outlines of pages, a chart of potential Web page format, and so forth. May likewise allude to: * Addendum, any option to a record, for example, a book or lawful agreement * Bibliography, an efficient rundown of books and different works * Index (distributing), a rundown of words or expressions with pointers to where related material can be found in a report * Specifically, a book added to the furthest limit of a book or an article, containing data that is critical to, yet isn't the primary thought of, the principle text

The Affect of National Culture on Human Resources Essay -- Human Resour

Presentation In today’s business condition, the multifaceted nature of worldwide business has expanded and global rivalry has been featured as a fundamental component for worldwide firms (MNCs). Along these lines, so as to increase upper hand, different assets are used, for example, budgetary capital, innovation area or human asset (HR). In addition, HR could be appeared as one of the most significant asset which has likewise become a focal point of consideration of ranking directors in MNCs. As recommended by MacMillan(1984), MNCs can increase upper hand through utilization of HR practice, for example, preparing, remuneration, socialization, determination, execution evaluation and vocation improvement, as long as different firms can't copy their endeavors effectively and rapidly. In any case, while HR practices and strategies are performing across nations, culture would be a key point. Culture can be characterized at the national, yet in addition at the gathering, hierarchical, and even w orldwide level. Every one of these societies effectsly affect the decision and productivity of HR approaches and practices. Among national and different kinds of culture, in this manner, should be partitioned unmistakably on the grounds that national culture makes a one of a kind commitment to understanding HR arrangements and practices. In this way, there is no uncertainty that national culture is a key factor on HR practices or polices, as a useful action in universal business. In this paper, the job and impacts of national culture in HR will be talked about right off the bat. And afterward the potential issues that MCNs may have in the event that they don't consider national culture as a key factor in HRM achievement. In the last stage, the arrangement of those issues will be introduced in this paper. THE ROLE OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN HU... ...aeger, A. M. (1986) ‘Organization advancement and national culture: Where's the fit? , ‘ in Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, pp. 178-190. Slope, C.W.L. (2005) International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (fifth ed.), New York: Mc Graw-Hill/Irwin Hofstede, G. (1993) ‘Cultural compels in the board theories,’ in Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 7, Iss. 1, pp. 81-93. MacMillan, I. C. (1984) ‘Gaining upper hand through human asset the executives practice,’ in Human Resource Management, Vol. 23, Iss. 1, pp. 241-255. Punnett, B. J. and Ricks, D. A. (1992) International business, Boston: PWSKent. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson S. E. (1994) ‘Convergence or difference: Human asset practices and arrangements for upper hand worldwide,’ in International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 5, Iss. 2, pp. 267-99. The Affect of National Culture on Human Resources Essay - Human Resour Presentation In today’s business condition, the unpredictability of universal business has expanded and global rivalry has been featured as a basic component for worldwide firms (MNCs). Subsequently, so as to increase upper hand, different assets are used, for example, money related capital, innovation area or human asset (HR). Additionally, HR could be appeared as one of the most significant asset which has likewise become a focal point of consideration of ranking directors in MNCs. As recommended by MacMillan(1984), MNCs can increase upper hand through utilization of HR practice, for example, preparing, remuneration, socialization, choice, execution examination and vocation advancement, as long as different firms can't copy their endeavors effectively and rapidly. Be that as it may, while HR practices and approaches are performing across nations, culture would be a key point. Culture can be characterized at the national, yet additionally at the gathering, hierarchical, and even universal level. Every one of these societies effectsly affect the decision and proficiency of HR strategies and practices. Among national and different kinds of culture, subsequently, should be isolated obviously in light of the fact that national culture makes a one of a kind commitment to understanding HR approaches and practices. Subsequently, there is no uncertainty that national culture is a key factor on HR practices or polices, as an utilitarian action in worldwide business. In this paper, the job and impacts of national culture in HR will be examined right off the bat. And afterward the potential issues that MCNs may have on the off chance that they don't consider national culture as a key factor in HRM achievement. In the last stage, the arrangement of those issues will be introduced in this paper. THE ROLE OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN HU... ...aeger, A. M. (1986) ‘Organization improvement and national culture: Where's the fit? , ‘ in Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, pp. 178-190. Slope, C.W.L. (2005) International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (fifth ed.), New York: Mc Graw-Hill/Irwin Hofstede, G. (1993) ‘Cultural obliges in the executives theories,’ in Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 7, Iss. 1, pp. 81-93. MacMillan, I. C. (1984) ‘Gaining upper hand through human asset the board practice,’ in Human Resource Management, Vol. 23, Iss. 1, pp. 241-255. Punnett, B. J. and Ricks, D. A. (1992) International business, Boston: PWSKent. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson S. E. (1994) ‘Convergence or disparity: Human asset practices and approaches for upper hand worldwide,’ in International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 5, Iss. 2, pp. 267-99. The Affect of National Culture on Human Resources Essay - Human Resour Presentation In today’s business condition, the multifaceted nature of global business has expanded and universal rivalry has been featured as a basic component for worldwide firms (MNCs). In this way, so as to increase upper hand, different assets are used, for example, budgetary capital, innovation area or human asset (HR). In addition, HR could be appeared as one of the most significant asset which has likewise become a focal point of consideration of ranking directors in MNCs. As recommended by MacMillan(1984), MNCs can increase upper hand through utilization of HR practice, for example, preparing, pay, socialization, determination, execution examination and vocation advancement, as long as different firms can't copy their endeavors effectively and rapidly. Notwithstanding, while HR practices and arrangements are performing across nations, culture would be a key point. Culture can be characterized at the national, yet in addition at the gathering, hierarchical, and even global level. E very one of these societies effectsly affect the decision and effectiveness of HR arrangements and practices. Among national and different sorts of culture, along these lines, should be separated plainly in light of the fact that national culture makes a one of a kind commitment to understanding HR arrangements and practices. In this way, there is no uncertainty that national culture is a key factor on HR practices or polices, as an utilitarian action in global business. In this paper, the job and impacts of national culture in HR will be examined right off the bat. And afterward the potential issues that MCNs may have in the event that they don't consider national culture as a key factor in HRM achievement. In the last stage, the arrangement of those issues will be introduced in this paper. THE ROLE OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN HU... ...aeger, A. M. (1986) ‘Organization advancement and national culture: Where's the fit? , ‘ in Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, pp. 178-190. Slope, C.W.L. (2005) International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (fifth ed.), New York: Mc Graw-Hill/Irwin Hofstede, G. (1993) ‘Cultural compels in the executives theories,’ in Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 7, Iss. 1, pp. 81-93. MacMillan, I. C. (1984) ‘Gaining upper hand through human asset the executives practice,’ in Human Resource Management, Vol. 23, Iss. 1, pp. 241-255. Punnett, B. J. and Ricks, D. A. (1992) International business, Boston: PWSKent. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson S. E. (1994) ‘Convergence or disparity: Human asset practices and arrangements for upper hand worldwide,’ in International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 5, Iss. 2, pp. 267-99.

TMA04 B202 Accounting & Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

TMA04 B202 Accounting and Finance - Essay Example The name Tesco first showed up over a shop in Edgware in 1929 and from that point forward the organization has developed and created, reacting to new chances and spearheading in numerous advancements. By the mid 1990s Tesco confronted solid rivalry and required another procedure. We were acceptable at purchasing and selling merchandise however had started to overlook the clients. Sir Terry Leahy, who got Chief Executive in 1997, asked clients the basic inquiry - what are we fouling up?. We at that point put resources into the things that issue to clients. For instance, we propelled our reliability conspire Clubcard and Tesco.com, our web home shopping administration. Going the additional mile for clients has been vital to our development. We need to make clients lives simpler and better in any capacity we can. We need to interest each client and give them motivation to return to Tesco. Initially represent considerable authority in food and drink, it has broadened into territories, for example, attire, buyer gadgets, money related administrations, telecoms, home, wellbeing and vehicle protection, dental plans, retailing and leasing DVDs,[4] CDs, music downloads, Internet administrations and software.(Tesco plc) Among its nearby rivals most noteworthy ones are Morrisons,Sainsbury and Asda. The accompanying diagram shows Tesco’s pieces of the pie locally(TESCO MAIN SUBMISSION TO THE COMPETITION COMMISSION (CC) INQUIRY INTO THE UK GROCERY RETAILING) As per TNS World board Tescos portion of the UK basic food item showcase in the 12 weeks to 30 November 2008 was 30.9%, up 4.3% on 12 weeks to 2 December 2007. Over all classes, over  £1 in each  £7 (14.3%) of UK retail deals is spent at Tesco. Tesco additionally works abroad, and non-UK income for the year to 24 February 2007 was up 18% on 25 February 2006. Wal bazaar had deals of $287bn ( £160bn) in 2004-5, more than its three nearest matches put together(Deloitte 2006 Global Retailing Powers study). Walmart had placed its feet in China.Following suit Tesco forcefully extended in China, while Wal-Mart intends to recruit

Prevention Suicide People Mental Health Health And Social Care Essay

Avoidance Suicide People Mental Health And Social Care Essay Self destruction is characterized as the procedure including one consummation his/her own life. There are different sorts of self destruction which can make it fairly hard to help characterize the term. Conventional self destruction is alluded to those people who plan or follow up on foolish musings and emotions while under huge pressure. Helped self destruction is another term where a doctor may assist an at death's door individual with dieing, keeping away from an up and coming, unavoidable and conceivably difficult decrease. The World Health Organization (WHO) characterizes psychological wellness as a condition of prosperity in which the individual understands their own capacities, can adapt to the typical worries of life, can work beneficially and productively, and can make a commitment to their own locale (Organization, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs220/en/, 2010). The pace of self destruction in the UK is proceeding to fall where figures came to their most reduced in 2007 for the two people. Self destruction rates in 2008 were marginally higher than those seen in 2007 where 5,706 suicides were recorded anyway in 2009 there was a slight abatement were 5,675 suicides were recorded in the UK (Statistics O. f., Suicide rates in the United Kingdom, 2011). In spite of the fact that self destruction rates are viewed as rather low when contrasted with the early years, for example, the period between 1990-2000, there is as yet a significant worry in the quantity of suicides submitted every year. The commonness of self destruction in the UK is still rather high and stays a significant worry because of the quantity of individuals going to clinic in the wake of having endeavored self destruction. The pace of men ending it all is assessed to be around 75% of the men in the UK, where men matured 25-34 are at most elevated danger of self destruction, trailed by men matured 35-44. Self destruction is considered as the second most incessant reason for death inside men matured between 15-44, after unintentional passing (NHS Choices , 2009). Self destruction and youngsters is likewise regular inside individuals matured 15-24, where incidental passing is commonly the reason for death followed by self destruction. Figures state around 7-14% of youngsters will self-hurt at one point in their life (NHS Choices , 2009). Self destruction is serious issue with regards to the old since figures in 2006 demonstrated that 217 individuals matured 80 or over ended their own lives which likened to 5.2% of in general passings from suicides (NHS Choices , 2009). Looking at the self destruction rates in 2008 among people, there were 17.7 suicides per 100,000 populace in men and 5.4 per 100,000 in ladies, in this manner demonstrating men were multiple times bound to end it all than ladies (Statistics O. f., Suicide rates in the United Kingdom, 2010). Insights are at present as they stand where ladies are more averse to end it all than men, as ladies are bound to report indications of normal emotional well-being issues rather than men in this manner they get fitting treatment be it drugs or potentially treatment (Statistics N. , 2003). Conceivable hazard factors for self destruction: A past endeavor at self destruction Conceivable introduction to self-destructive conduct of others (companions, family or media figures) Family ancestry of self destruction Family ancestry of substance misuse Substance misuse Imprisonment Brutality inside the family (physical or sexual) Family ancestry of mental issue Despondency or other mental issue When managing self destruction numerous people who have lost a friend or family member in some cases wonder in the event that they could have forestalled it or a few people may even reprimand themselves for the fundamental driver of self destruction in others. Accordingly this self accusing may prompt conduct changes which could speak to itself as a diminishing in the people capacity to communicate feelings. The individuals who experience lamenting experience a progression of feelings which could render them rather touchy, the individuals who do encounter these feelings now and again become focused upon the way that they might be associated with the demise in some way hence feeling self destruction might be the main choice to compensate for what they accept is all their shortcoming. Watching self destruction rates and the conceivable hazard factors behind self destruction, investigate has indicated that dominant part of individuals who do end it all or endeavor to end it all really have a psychological sickness where the basic reason is discouragement. Following despondency, 10-15% of individuals influenced by bipolar confusion will end it all followed by 4% of individuals with schizophrenia ending it all not long after their sickness starts (NHS Choices , 2009). The most widely recognized kinds of psychological wellness issues presently in the UK are: (Organization, mhGAP Intervention Guide, 2010) Uneasiness State of mind issue Dietary issues Maniacal clutters Drive control and fixation issue Psychological instability has appeared to assume a pivotal job and is potentially the primary encouraging component in forestalling suicides. Research considers (expressed prior) have appeared to frame a connection between self destruction rates and mental issue which prompts recommend that if the proper assistance and backing is given to those psychological sicknesses then conceivable there could be a decay or anticipation in the quantity of suicides seen every year. Wretchedness is the main source of self destruction in individuals with emotional well-being issues accordingly individuals in this psyche of edge are ordinarily of low state of mind and may every so often have contemplations of self destruction. Thusly on the off chance that we treat the psychological issue, at that point it can make sense that musings of self destruction may likewise vanish. Forestalling self destruction isnt basic and individuals who do encounter scenes of despondency or reoccurring contemplations of self destruction ought to be managed effectively and as quickly as time permits to forestall mischief to them yet in addition to other people. Emphasize that individuals are reminded that help is constantly accessible any place and at whatever point they need it and numerous medicinal services proficient, for example, GPs or Pharmacists are there available to them. In spite of the fact that GPs and Pharmacists are qualified medicinal services experts they despite everything may not be completely able in furnishing exhortation in circumstances including individuals with emotional wellness issue. Experts that are uncertain whether an individual really is intellectually sick and may likewise be self-destructive can even now have an influence by giving assistance and support and alluding them to progressively qualified individual for conclusion. Self destruction counteraction can be brought out through numerous strategies, for example, utilizing drugs (antidepressants) or talking treatments (directing or subjective conduct treatment). The individuals who are depicted as having a psychological issue, have the shrouded weight of disgrace and separation regularly looked by those with mental scatters. The term dysfunctional behavior can be fairly deceptive as in spite of the fact that these issues can emerge from organic or clinical commitments they can likewise result from a progression of complex cooperations of natural, mental or social variables. Additionally numerous ailments experienced by people may contrast somewhat from typical classes used to depict dysfunctional behaviors in this manner here and there a genuine finding can't be resolved or might be deceiving. Besides, when diagnosing individuals as having an emotional well-being issue there is no widespread concurred cut off point between ordinary conduct and that which is related with psychological instability. In this way on the off chance that it is difficult to determine individuals to have a psychological instability, at that point it does likewise make it somewhat hard to keep suicides from happening aswell (establishment, 2010). Psychological maladjustment can prompt inappropriate musings, for example, self destruction the same number of people may feel its not worth living on the off chance that they need to experience emotions which make their personal satisfaction rather unsuitable. Measures which can be taken to help battle such musings and help adapt to sentiments of bitterness, depression or simply broad low self of regard can include: Concentrating on specific things which help move your psyche from contrary contemplations, for example, associating with individuals who you by and large play around with, ruining yourself with new fabrics/food, or doing profound breathing activities. Animating the brain and body through performing light activities, taking a stroll outside of the house to get some natural air and to get a difference in climate, arranging the day to guarantee efficiency and attempt to keep up your standard resting design. Maintain a strategic distance from depressants, for example, liquor or illicit medications which may feel useful from the outset yet long haul impacts can cause discouragement and once in a while tension, besides you may settle on choices that you typically would view as perilous/silly. Associating to remain associated with the world can help forestall sentiments of entanglement, additionally conversing with individuals about any emotions you might be encountering can help and investing energy with companions to battle against dejection. Concentrating on positive things throughout your life instead of lamenting what could or ought to have been. Go to help/self improvement gatherings and offer comparable encounters with individuals in a similar circumstance as yourself and perceive how they deal with their day. Contrasting the probability of who is bound to create psychological well-being issues, it was accounted for that ladies get more treatment for emotional wellness issues than men, anyway examines decided this was primarily because of ladies being bound to report their indications as opposed to endure peacefully which numerous men tend do. Discouragement is additionally thought to assume a fundamental job in the advancement of self destruction, where 1 of every 4 ladies will require treatment for wretchedness, while just 1 out of 10 men will require treatment. Diagnosing gloom in people is to some degree troublesome process and can in some cases be under analyzed on the grounds that they may present to their GP with various side effects or perhaps because of social or natural variables, along these lines conceivably demonstrating men bound to become determined to have discouragement. A typical psychological well-being issue that additionally happens more in ladies than men is tension, over the top habitual issue and expanded odds of creating fears. Then again, men are bound to build up a liquor or illicit drug use looked at t

Individualistic Cultures and Behavior

Individualistic Cultures and Behavior Theories Social Psychology Print Individualistic Cultures and Behavior By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on August 19, 2019 More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Culture is one factor that can have an influence on how people think and behave. One factor that cross-cultural psychologists often study involves the differences and similarities between individualistic cultures and collectivist cultures. Individualistic cultures are those that stress the needs of the individual over the needs of the group as a whole. In this type of culture, people are seen as independent and autonomous. Social behavior tends to be dictated by the attitudes and preferences of individuals. Cultures in North America and Western Europe tend to be individualistic. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell A Closer Look at Individualistic Cultures Chances are you have probably heard the terms individualistic and collectivist cultures before, often in the context of noting behavior and attitude  differences between the two types of societies. So what exactly makes individualistic cultures different from collectivist ones? A few common characteristics of  individualistic cultures include: Individual rights take center stageIndependence is highly valuedBeing dependent upon others is often considered shameful or embarrassingPeople tend to be self-reliantThe rights of individuals tend to take a higher precedencePeople often place a greater emphasis on standing out and being unique In individualistic cultures, people are  considered good if they are strong, self-reliant, assertive, and independent. This contrasts with  collectivist cultures where characteristics like being self-sacrificing, dependable, generous, and helpful to others are of greater importance. A few countries that are considered individualistic cultures include the United States, Germany, Ireland, South Africa, and Australia. How Do Individualistic Cultures Differ From Collectivist Cultures? Individualist cultures are frequently compared and contrasted with the more collectivist cultures. Where collectivism stresses the importance of the group and social cooperation, individualism prizes things such as: UniquenessIndependenceSelf-sufficiencyAutonomy Where people in collectivist cultures might be more likely to turn to family and friends for support during difficult times, those living in more individualist cultures are more likely to go it alone. Individualistic cultures stress that people should be able to solve problems or accomplish goals on their own without having to rely on assistance from others. People are often expected to pull themselves up by their bootstraps when they encounter setbacks. This tendency to focus on personal identity and autonomy is a pervasive part of a culture that can have a profound influence on how a society functions. For example, workers in an individualist culture are more likely to value their own well-being over the good of the group. Contrast this with a collectivist culture where people might sacrifice their own comfort for the greater good of everyone else. Such differences can influence nearly every aspect of behavior ranging from the career a person chooses, the products they buy, and the social issues that they care about. Approaches to health care, for example, are influenced by these tendencies. Individualist cultures stress the importance of each person taking care of his or her self without depending on others for assistance. Those in collectivist cultures may instead stress sharing the burden of care with the group as a whole. The Effects of Individualistic Cultures on Behavior The effect that culture has on individual behavior is a major topic of interest in the field of cross-cultural psychology. Cross-cultural psychologists study how different cultural factors influence individual behavior. They often focus on things that are universal among different cultures of the world, as well as differences among societies. One interesting phenomenon that cross-cultural psychologists have observed is how people from individualist cultures describe themselves compared to how those from collectivist cultures describe themselves. People from individualist society have self-concepts that are more focused on independence rather than interdependence. As a result, they tend to describe themselves in terms of their unique personal characteristics and traits. A person from an individualistic culture might say I am analytical, sarcastic, and athletic. This can be contrasted with self-descriptions from people living in collectivist societies, who would be more likely to say something like, I am a good husband and loyal friend. Just how much do these self-descriptions vary depending upon culture? Research conducted by Ma and Schoenemann found that while 60 percent of Kenyans (a collectivist culture) described themselves in terms of their roles within groups while 48 percent of Americans (an individualist culture) used personal characteristics to describe themselves. A Word From Verywell Psychologists have become more aware of the powerful influence that culture can have on individual and group behavior. In order to understand just how strong these influences can be, it is essential to look at both the similarities and differences between collectivist and individualist cultures.